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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to an electric heating device (1) for a motor vehicle fluid (V). It is characterized in that the electric fluid heating device (1) comprises: at least one fluid circulation duct (20); at least one resistive heating element (100) which cooperates with said fluid circulation duct (20); - a printed circuit board (30) comprising at least one power switch (101); a heating body (50) in which is disposed said fluid circulation duct (20), said heating body (50) comprising a housing adapted to receive said power switch (101); - At least one holding member (40) of said power switch (101) in said housing (51).
    公开号:FR3042853A1
    申请号:FR1560226
    申请日:2015-10-27
    公开日:2017-04-28
    发明作者:Bertrand Puzenat；Jose Leborgne
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING A FLUID FOR
    MOTOR VEHICLE
    TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention relates to a device for electric heating of a fluid for a motor vehicle. The invention finds a particular application, but not limited to electric or hybrid motor vehicles.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    In the field of electric or hybrid vehicles, it is known to compensate for the heat input of a combustion engine in the context of heating the vehicle, in particular the passenger compartment, by adding one or more heating devices. electric. Such an electric heating device may be included in a thermal management circuit for heating a heat transfer fluid that can be used to heat the air intended for the passenger compartment, or even electrical vehicle components such as batteries to assist in this process. they reach their optimum operating temperature in cold weather.
    The electric heating device comprises, in particular, fluid circulation ducts, heating elements for heating said fluid, power electronics for regulating the heating power of the electric heating device, said power electronics comprising a printed circuit board. which power switches are provided which are associated with the heating elements.
    In the context of high voltage application, such as for electric or hybrid vehicles, the electric heater draws its power from the traction battery which provides a voltage of 400V in a non-limiting example.
    A disadvantage of this state of the art is that for these "high voltage" applications, the power electronics occupy a large volume and the car manufacturers only allocate in the motor vehicle a limited volume for the electric heater. as a whole, all the elements of said electric heating device to be integrated into said limited volume.
    In this context, the present invention aims to solve the aforementioned drawback.
    GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION For this purpose, the invention proposes a device for electric heating of a fluid for a motor vehicle, according to which the electric fluid heating device comprises: at least one fluid circulation duct; at least one resistive heating element which cooperates with said fluid circulation duct; a printed circuit board comprising at least one power switch; a heating body in which is disposed said fluid circulation duct, said heating body comprising a housing adapted to receive said power switch; at least one element for holding said power switch in said housing.
    Thus, as will be seen in detail below, the fact of having the power switch in the housing allows significant space saving. The holding member is adapted to press the power switch so that the power switch is closer to the fluid flow conduit. The power switch is thus better cooled.
    According to non-limiting embodiments, the electric heating device may further comprise one or more additional characteristics among the following:
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the power switch is adapted to control a current flowing in said resistive heating element.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the housing is adjacent to said fluid flow conduit. Thus, it facilitates the heat exchange between the power switch which is housed in the housing and the fluid flow duct.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises at least two power switches.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the electric heating device comprises two fluid circulation ducts, said housing being disposed between the two fluid circulation ducts. Thus, the electric heating device comprises two resistive heating elements, each cooperating with one of the two fluid circulation ducts.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, a resistive heating element is disposed inside a fluid circulation duct or outside a fluid circulation duct. When the resistive heating element is disposed inside, it is no longer necessary to have an envelope that isolates said resistive heating element. Moreover, the fluid circulation duct makes it possible to limit the propagation of electromagnetic waves outside said fluid circulation duct (waves due to the current flowing in said resistive heating element), which ensures good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element comprises at least one spring effect piece. It's a simple piece to make. It allows to deform when it is put in compression.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element further comprises at least one stressing wedge adapted to press the spring effect piece. It makes it possible to stress the spring-loaded part to ensure the necessary pressure for a good heat exchange of the power switches with the circulation ducts.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises an opening adapted to allow the passage of all or part of said holding member. This makes it possible to insert all or part of the holding element after the printed circuit board has been fixed to the heating body of the electric heating device.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, said opening is located in the center of said printed circuit board. This allows to have room to position the holding element including six power switches.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the spring effect part comprises a substantially triangular shaped head and two arms. The triangular head allows a deformation of the spring-action piece and at least one arm can press a power switch.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises N power switches and the holding element comprises N / 2 spring-effect parts, with N even integer.
    A spring-action part keeps two power switches in the housing. It is called double effect.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises N power switches and the holding element comprises N spring-loaded parts, with N whole.
    A spring-action part maintains a single power switch in the housing. It is called simple effect.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the electric heating device further comprises an input filter disposed at the input of the resistive heating elements and composed of an inductor and at least one capacitor. The input filter will absorb current surges produced by the phase shift control of the power switches. The current supplied by the battery will thus be almost constant. Thus, current surges in the resistive heating elements no longer refer to the traction battery.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises two power switches. This number is a good compromise between the desired heating power and the volume occupied by said electric heating device in the motor vehicle.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the input filter comprises four capacitors. This makes it possible to have capacitors of reasonable size for the desired motor vehicle application.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the inductor is disposed between the four capacitors. It is thus placed so as to be the most centered in the housing, namely equidistantly to the walls of the housing, thus minimizing the electromagnetic waves emitted by the inductor.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, said opening is located at one end of said printed circuit board. This makes it possible to position the inductor in the center of the capacitors.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board comprises a plurality of power switches and said power switches are disposed on either side of the opening of the printed circuit board. This allows the holding member, when positioned, to easily press the power switches.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element comprises: at least one positioning stud on the heating body; - At least one positioning hole on the printed circuit board adapted to cooperate with said positioning pad.
    According to a non-limiting embodiment variant, the holding element comprises two positioning studs and two positioning holes. Having two positioning studs ensures a more efficient positioning.
    It is also proposed a heating and / or air conditioning unit for a motor vehicle, wherein said heating and / or air conditioning unit comprises an electric heating device according to any one of the preceding characteristics.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The invention and its various applications will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures that accompany it: FIG. 1 represents a diagram by transparency of an electric heating device a fluid for a motor vehicle according to a first non-limiting embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 represents a heating element of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 according to a nonlimiting embodiment; FIG. 3 represents the heating body of the electric heating device of FIG. 2 on which is fixed a printed circuit board of the electric heating device; FIG. 4 represents a profile view of a spring-effect part of a power switch holding element of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 according to a first variant embodiment of a first embodiment of FIG. limiting; FIG. 5 represents a front view of the spring-effect part of FIG. 4; - Figure 6 shows the spring effect part of Figure 4 inserted into the housing of the heating body of the electric heating device and supported on two power switches; FIG. 7 shows a front view of a spring-action part of a power switch holding element of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 according to a second variant of a first non-limiting embodiment; - Figure 8 shows the spring effect part of Figure 7 inserted in the housing of the heating body of the electric heater and supported on two power switches; FIG. 9 shows three spring-action parts of FIGS. 4 to 6 which cooperate with power switches arranged on a printed circuit board of the electric heating device; FIG. 10 represents a first perspective view of the three spring-action parts of FIG. 9; FIG. 11 represents a second perspective view of the three spring-action parts of FIG. 9; FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the three spring-action parts of FIGS. 9 to 11 with a constraint wedge; Fig. 13 shows the three spring-action parts and the biasing wedge of Fig. 12 which cooperate with a printed circuit board of the electric heater; FIG. 14 represents a cross-section of a part of the heating body of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 with a housing in which is inserted a spring-effect part of FIGS. 4 to 6 and 10 and 11 and on which is attached a printed circuit board with power switches of the electric heater; FIG. 15 represents a profile view of a spring-effect part of a power switch holding element of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 according to a first variant embodiment of a second embodiment. limiting; - Figure 16 shows the spring effect part of Figure 15 inserted into the housing of the heater of the electric heater and supported on a power switch; FIG. 17 represents a profile view of a spring-effect part of a power switch holding element of the electric heating device of FIG. 1 according to a second variant embodiment of a second embodiment limiting; - Figure 18 shows the spring effect part of Figure 17 inserted in the housing of the heater of the electric heater and supported on a power switch; FIG. 19 represents a diagram by transparency of an electric heating device of a fluid for a motor vehicle according to a second non-limiting embodiment of the invention, the electric heating device comprising a printed circuit board according to a first non-limiting embodiment variant; FIG. 20 represents a diagram of a device for electric heating of a fluid for a motor vehicle according to a second nonlimiting embodiment of the invention, the electric heating device comprising a printed circuit board according to a second variant. non-limiting embodiment; Fig. 21 shows the printed circuit board of Fig. 19 with an input filter and power switches of the electric heater; Fig. 22 shows the printed circuit board of Fig. 20 with an input filter and power switches of the electric heater; - Figure 23 shows according to a second non-limiting embodiment of a spring-effect member of a power switch holding member of Figures 21 and 22 in a first position; - Figure 24 shows according to a second non-limiting embodiment a spring-effect part of a power switch holding member of Figures 21 and 22 in a second position; FIG. 25 shows a spring-action part of FIGS. 23 and 24 in position to press the power switches of the printed circuit board of FIG. 21; FIG. 26 shows a spring-action part of FIGS. 24 and 25 in position to press the power switches of the printed circuit board of FIG. 22.
    DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    Identical elements, structure or function, appearing in different figures retain, unless otherwise specified, the same references.
    The electric heating device 1 of a motor vehicle fluid V according to the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 26.
    By motor vehicle, we mean any type of motorized vehicle.
    The electric heating device 1 of fluid comprises: at least one fluid circulation duct 20; at least one resistive heating element 100 which cooperates with said fluid circulation duct 20; a printed circuit board 30 comprising at least one power switch 101; - A heater 50 in which is disposed said fluid flow conduit 20, said heater 50 comprising a housing 51 adapted to receive said power switch 101; - At least one holding element 40 adapted to maintain said power switch 101 in said housing 51. The power switch 10 is adapted to control a current flowing in said resistive heating element 100.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, as illustrated in the figures, the electric heating device 1 comprises two fluid circulation ducts 20 and two resistive heating elements 100, each cooperating with each fluid circulation duct 20.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board 30 comprises at least two power switches 101 adapted to control the current flowing in said resistive heating elements 100. The power switches 101 and have less current to manage. They will therefore be smaller than a single power switch.
    The electric heating device 1 with the two fluid circulation conduits 20, the two resistive heating elements 100 and at least two power switches 101 is taken as a non-limiting example in the following description.
    In the remainder of the description, the terms fluid circulation duct or circulation duct will be used interchangeably.
    The electric heating device 1 of fluid further comprises at least one control device (not shown) (commonly called in English "driver") adapted to control the power switches 101. In a non-limiting example, the control device is a microcontroller.
    The electric heating device 1 is powered by a supply voltage Vbat supplied by a battery of the motor vehicle V.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the battery is the traction battery of the motor vehicle V. In a non-limiting embodiment, the supply voltage Vbat is a high voltage power supply between 250 and 450V. In a non-limiting embodiment variant, the supply voltage Vbat is equal to 400V.
    The various elements of the electric heater 1 are described in more detail below. • Heater
    As illustrated in Figures 1 to 3, 14, 19 or 20, the heater 50 further comprises: - a fluid inlet 52 through which the cooled fluid enters; a fluid outlet 53 through which the fluid heated by the resistive heating elements 100 leaves to distribute a thermal management circuit (not shown); an upper cover 54.
    The upper cover 54 is arranged to allow the supply of fluid, the mounting of the resistive heating elements 100, the output of the power supply son, to ensure a tightness of the fluid circuit.
    It will be noted that the electric heating device 1 is part of a thermal management circuit. The thermal management circuit can be any heat exchanger (water-air) which is part of a non-limiting example of a heating unit and / or air conditioning of a vehicle interior, a module heating unit. battery on electric and hybrid vehicles, and any other installation requiring this thermal input function.
    In a non-limiting example, the fluid is glycol water.
    It will be noted that the fluid also makes it possible to cool the power electronics of the electric heating device 1, namely the power switches 101 and the printed circuit board 30. In a nonlimiting example, a fluid such as water with 90 ° C (Celsius) is used to cool said power electronics.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the heating body 50 with the circulation ducts 20 are made of aluminum or stainless steel. These materials are heat-conductive. This makes it possible to have good thermal conduction between the resistive heating elements 100 and the fluid, which makes it possible to heat the said fluid well. Of course, other metals that are also good thermal conductors can be used. It should be noted that aluminum is also an inexpensive material.
    The heating body 50 comprises the housing 51 disposed between the two circulation ducts 20 adapted to receive said power switches 101 and said holding member 40. Furthermore, the heating body 50 is adapted to receive the printed circuit board 30 In particular, the latter can be fixed on said heating body 50 at the housing 51. In this way, the power electronics composed in particular of the printed circuit board 30 and the power switches 101 is not deported. but integrated in the heating body 50. The volume of the electric heater 1 is thus more compact.
    The housing 51 is adjacent to the circulation ducts 20 so that the power switches 101 are as close as possible to said circulation ducts 20 when they are arranged in the housing 51. They are in thermal contact with said circulation ducts 20 via the ducts. walls of said housing 51. • Fluid circulation duct
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the fluid circulation ducts 20 are of cylindrical shape. They are thermo-conductive.
    The heat generated by the resistive heating elements 100 is transmitted via the fluid flow conduits 20 to said fluid which can thereby be heated. The fluid thus heated can cool the power electronics of the electric heater (its temperature being significantly lower than that of the power electronics). • Resistive heating element
    In non-limiting embodiments, a resistive heating element 100 is a resistor, a resistive track, a resistive core such as a bar or spiral, etc.
    Thus, in a first non-limiting embodiment, when the resistive heating element 100 is a resistance or a resistive core, it is disposed inside a circulation conduit 20. In this case, the circulation duct of the fluid 20 comprises a protective enclosure between said resistive heating element 100 and the fluid. The fluid can therefore circulate in the fluid circulation duct 20 around the resistive heating elements 100.
    In a second non-limiting embodiment, when the resistive heating element 100 is a resistive track, it is disposed outside a circulation conduit 20. In a non-limiting example, the resistive track is screen printed on the conduit of circulation 20.
    In Figures 1 to 3, there is shown a power supply cable 5 which supplies the resistive heating elements 100 with current so that the latter can be heated.
    It will be noted that having two resistive heating elements 100 allows a good optimization between the heating power produced by the electric heating device 1 and the volume occupied by the electric heating device 1.
    A resistive heating element 100 will heat the fluid flowing along the walls of the circulation duct 20. Said fluid thus heated by the thermal energy released by the resistive heating element 100 will be transported via a set of pipes until to a radiator of a heat exchanger. In the context of the non-limiting application of the heating and / or air conditioning unit, the heat exchanger is located in the passenger compartment of the vehicle in a non-limiting example. This heat exchanger also includes an air blower to draw air through the radiator. This air will thus heat up in contact with the radiator. The electric heater 1 and the heat exchanger together with other elements such as an electric compressor (not shown) form a heating unit and / or air conditioning. • Printed circuit board
    The printed circuit board 30 is commonly called PCB ("Printed Circuit Board").
    In a non-limiting example, the printed circuit board 30 has dimensions 45mm * 50mm (millimeters). It is connected to a control device (not shown) which receives from a processing unit of the motor vehicle the heating power setpoint P to be applied to the electric heating device 1.
    The printed circuit board 30 is adapted to be fixed on the heating body 50 as illustrated in Figures 3, 14, 19 to 22, 25 and 26 in a non-limiting example. In non-limiting examples, it is fixed by gluing and / or screwing.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board 30 has an opening 31 adapted to allow the passage of all or part of said holding member 40. Said opening 31 is adapted to be positioned opposite the housing 51 of the heater 50 when the printed circuit board 30 is attached to said heater 50.
    In this way, the holding member 40 of said power switches 101 can be inserted into said aperture 31 after the printed circuit board 30 has been attached to said heater 50 and the power switches 101 have been introduced into the housing 51 of said heating body 50.
    In a first non-limiting embodiment, said opening 31 is located in the center of said printed circuit board 30.
    In a second non-limiting embodiment, said opening 31 is located at the end of said printed circuit board 30, namely on one of its edges. • Power switches
    The power switches 101 are connected to the printed circuit board 30 via connection pins 1010 (illustrated in FIGS. 12 to 14, 21, 22, 25 and 26, for example).
    The power switches 101 make it possible to control the current which feeds the resistive heating elements 100. They thus make it possible to control the power supplied to the resistive heating elements 100.
    A power switch 101 is controlled by a control device. In a first non-limiting embodiment, a power switch 101 is an IGBT transistor or a MOSFET transistor.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the power switches 101 are arranged on either side of the opening 31 of the printed circuit board 30. In this way, a space is left vacant to be able to insert said holding element. 40 between the power switches 101 which are arranged opposite one another, two by two. In addition, the power switches 101 may be housed in said housing 51 between the two fluid circulation ducts 20. Thus, the fact of integrating the power switches 101 in the heating body 50 allows a reduction in the overall volume occupied by the electric heating device 1.
    The power switches 101 are in thermal contact with the fluid circulation ducts 20 by virtue of the holding element 40 so that they are well cooled by the fluid circulating in the said circulation ducts 20. By thermal contact is meant a heat exchange between the power switches 101 and the fluid flowing in the circulation ducts 20. • Holding element
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element 40 comprises at least one spring-acting part 41 as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 18 and 23 to 26.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the spring effect piece 41 is made of metal. It makes it possible to apply a constant pressure on the power switches 101 when it is in position. It should be noted that the pressure does not vary with the ambient temperature.
    The pressure makes it possible to increase the quality of thermal contact between the power switches 101 and the walls of the circulation ducts 20 and consequently to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange with the fluid so that the power switches 101 are better cooled.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the spring effect part 41 comprises a head 410 and two arms 411.
    By pressing on the holding element 40, the head is deformed so that it can fit into the space available between at least one power switch 101 and the housing 51, or between two power switches 101 which are arranged opposite one another.
    Furthermore, when the holding member 40 is in position in said housing 51, at least one arm 411 bears (directly or indirectly via a tab) on a power switch 101 and presses on it.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, at least one arm 411 comprises a tab 4110. In a first non-limiting embodiment, a tab 4110 is adapted to support and press a power switch 101.
    The electric heating device 1 is described below according to a first non-limiting embodiment and according to a second non-limiting embodiment. • First embodiment
    The first non-limiting embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 18.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1, the electric fluid heating device 1 comprises: two fluid circulation ducts 20; two resistive heating elements 100, a resistive heating element 100 being immersed in each fluid circulation duct 20; a printed circuit board 30 comprising N power switches 101; at least one holding element 40 of said power switches 101 in the housing 51 and between the two fluid circulation ducts 20; a heating element 50 with the housing 51 adapted to receive the holding element 40 and the power switches 101.
    In the nonlimiting example illustrated, N is an even integer and is equal to 6.
    The heater 50 with the housing 51 is illustrated in FIG. 2 and the heater 50 with the printed circuit board 30 attached thereto is illustrated in FIG. 3. The six power switches 101 are disposed within the dwelling 51.
    Figures 4 to 8 illustrate the spring member 41 of the holding member 40 according to a first non-limiting embodiment. According to this first embodiment, the spring-effect part 41 comprises a head 410 of substantially triangular shape, and two arms 411. The head 410 has two inclined faces 410b, and a flat 410a which bears against one face of the housing 51 when the spring member 41 is in position.
    One arm 411 presses on a first power switch 101 and the other arm 411 presses on a second power switch 101 which is opposite the first power switch 101, the two power switches 101 being both sides of the opening 31 of the printed circuit board 30. The spring-acting part 41 presses two power switches 101 at a time. It is said in this case that it is double acting.
    According to a first non-limiting embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 and in FIG. 5, the two support lugs 4110 are respectively disposed on each of the two arms 411 on their external face. Thus, as illustrated in the schematic section of FIG. 6, the tabs 4110 are supported on the power switches 101 and the flat portion 410a of the head 410 of the spring-acting part 51 bears on one side of the housing 51. .
    According to a second variant of non-limiting embodiment illustrated in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the two tabs 4110 are respectively disposed on each of the two arms 411 on their inner face. Thus, as illustrated in the schematic section of FIG. 8, the tabs 4110 no longer rely on the power switches 101. These are the arms 411 which bear directly on their entire length on the power switches 101. this second embodiment, the pressure force is distributed along the power switches 101.
    In a non-limiting embodiment of these two embodiments, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 8, the spring-effect part 41 further comprises two abutment lugs 412 which enable the spring-effect part 41 to be correctly positioned. relative to the power switches 101. The two abutment lugs 412 block the advance of the spring-acting part 41 because they abut below the power switches 101.
    As illustrated in Figure 9, in a non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board 30 includes three openings 31 through which a holding member 40 can be inserted. Of course, in another non-limiting embodiment, the printed circuit board 30 may comprise a single opening 31 through which a holding member 40 could be inserted. Note that in a non-limiting embodiment, the opening or openings 31 are located in the center of said printed circuit board 30 along a center line L.
    Three power switches 101 are arranged on one side of the openings 31 of the printed circuit board 30 and the three other power switches 101 are arranged facing the other side of the openings 31. In this first embodiment, said retaining element 40 comprises a spring-acting part 41 associated with each pair of power switches 101 (arranged facing each other). Thus, in the non-limiting example illustrated, it comprises N / 2 spring effect parts 41, namely three. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 illustrate, in front view and in profile, three spring-action parts 41. In a non-limiting embodiment illustrated, the three spring-effect parts 41 are interconnected by material. In another non-limiting embodiment, they are independent of one another. In this case, they each form an independent holding element 40 which holds a pair of power switches 101.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the holding member 40 further comprises a biasing wedge 42 adapted to press the spring-action piece 41. The biasing wedge is illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13. It allows the power switches 101 to be well pressed against the circulation ducts 20 and those without friction (via the walls of the housing 51).
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the stressing wedge 42 comprises a blade 421 adapted to fit between the two arms 411 of the spring-loaded part 41 as illustrated in FIGS. the two arms 411 that push the power switches 101 away. There is no shear force transmitted to the power switches 101 which could damage them.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the biasing wedge 42 further comprises a stop 422 that rests against the outer face of the printed circuit board 30 as illustrated in FIG. 13 when the biasing wedge 42 is in position. This makes it possible to know that said biasing wedge 42 is well positioned.
    The stop 422 also makes it possible to push manually or with a tool the shim 42.
    In FIGS. 12 and 13, it is also possible to see the two abutment lugs 412 of the spring-acting part 41 which come into abutment on the underside of a power switch 101.
    In the non-limiting example of FIGS. 12 or 13, the biasing wedge 42 makes it possible to press the three spring-action parts 41. Of course, in another non-limiting embodiment, it is possible to have a wedge of stressing 42 associated with each spring effect piece 41.
    FIG. 14 illustrates a sectional view of the heating element assembly 50 with housing 51 and circulation ducts 20, printed circuit board 30 fixed to said heating element 50, power switches 101 and spring-acting part 41 according to the first variant embodiment of the first non-limiting embodiment, said spring member 41 being in position and pressing through the tabs 4110 of its arms 411 on the power switches 101.
    Note that the arrangement vis-à-vis the power switches 101 presented above is a non-limiting embodiment.
    Thus, in another non-limiting embodiment, the power switches 101 are not arranged opposite each other.
    In this case, a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 18 of the spring member 41 of the holding member 40 may be used. According to this second embodiment, the spring-effect part 41 is also adapted to cooperate with the stressing wedge 42 described above in a non-limiting embodiment variant.
    The spring effect part 41 comprises in this case a head 410 with a flat 410a which has the same function as previously described, two arms 411, one of which bears on a power switch 101 and the other bears on one side of the housing 51 as illustrated in Figures 16 and 18.
    The spring effect part 41 presses on a single power switch 101. In this case it is said to be single-acting.
    According to a first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 15 and 16, one of the two arms 411 comprises a tab 4110 which bears on the power switch 101.
    According to a second variant embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 18, one of the two arms 411 comprises a tab 4110 which no longer bears on the power switch 101, but on the stressing wedge 42 previously described when the piece spring effect 41 is in position as well as said biasing wedge 42. The arm 411 presses its entire length on the power switches 101.
    Thus, thanks to the spring-acting parts 41 and the stressing wedge 42, the N (here six) power switches 101 are well positioned and in thermal contact with the circulation ducts 20 of the electric heater 1 and are therefore well cooled by the fluid circulating in the circulation ducts 20. • Second embodiment
    As the first non-limiting embodiment, the electric heating device 1 comprises: - two fluid circulation ducts 20; and - two resistive heating elements 100, a resistive heating element 100 being disposed in each fluid circulation duct 20; at least one holding element 40 of said power switches 101 in the housing 51 and between the two fluid circulation ducts 20; - A heater 50 with the housing 51 adapted to receive the holding member 40 and the power switches 101;
    The heater 50 with the printed circuit board 30 attached thereto is illustrated in Figures 19 and 20.
    As illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 20, according to this second nonlimiting embodiment, the electric heating device 1 further comprises a printed circuit board 30 comprising two power switches 101 and an input filter 11.
    In this second embodiment, a power switch 101 is associated with each resistive heating element 100. It controls the current that supplies each resistive heating element 100. It thus makes it possible to control the power supplied to a resistive heating element 100.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the two power switches 101 are controlled with a phase shift of 180 °.
    In a nonlimiting variant embodiment, the phase shift is obtained by driving the power switches 101 in pulse width modulation, according to a PWM signal ("Pulse Width Modulation"). This off-phase control makes it possible to deliver a chopped current to each resistive heating element 100 in a periodic manner with a phase shift of the switching periods between them of 180 °.
    The phase shift makes it possible to reduce the Bat battery current variations (also called peak-to-peak ripples). Indeed, the amplitude of the supply current supplied by the battery is limited to half of the total current supplied to the resistive elements 100. Thus, the current surges in the resistive heating elements 101 which refer to the battery of the vehicle will be less important.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the input filter 11 comprises an inductor 110 and at least one capacitor 111. In a variant of non-limiting embodiment illustrated in the figures, it comprises four capacitors 111. This makes it possible not to have Too big capacitors.
    It will be noted that the input filter 11 is powered by the supply current supplied by the battery. It will be noted that, in general, the supply current supplied by a battery depends on the current to be supplied to the load that must be supplied to said battery. Thus, depending on the load, the current can be constant or chopped. In the case of the resistive heating element (s) 100 which represents the charge, the current which supplies the resistive element (s) 100 is chopped. The input filter 11 which is arranged between the battery and the load 100 will prevent the battery from experiencing current surges coming from the chopping of the current which supplies the load 100.
    In a first non-limiting embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 19 and 21, the opening 31 of the printed circuit board 30 is located in the center of said printed circuit board 30. In this case, the inductor 110 is disposed at one end of the printed circuit board 30, and the two power switches 101 are arranged in the center of the printed circuit board 30, on either side of the opening 31. A power switch 111 is arranged between two capacitors 111.
    In a second variant of non-limiting embodiment illustrated in Figures 20 and 22, the opening 31 of the printed circuit board 30 is at one end of said printed circuit board 30, namely on one of its edges.
    In this case, the inductance 110 is disposed in the center of the printed circuit board 30 between the four capacitors 111, and the two power switches 101 are arranged at the end of the printed circuit board 30 on each side. other of the opening 31.
    FIGS. 23 to 24 illustrate the holding element 40. In a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element 40 comprises only the spring-acting part 41.
    In a non-limiting embodiment, the spring-effect part 41 comprises a head 410 of substantially triangular shape, and two arms 411. The head 410 has two inclined faces 410b which are joined by a vertex 410a. Once the spring-loaded part 41 is mounted, the top 410a is equidistant from the two power switches 101 and is located in the housing 51.
    One arm 411 presses on a first power switch 101 and the other arm 411 presses on a second power switch 101 which is opposite the first power switch 101, the two power switches 101 being both sides of the opening 31 of the printed circuit board 30. The spring effect piece 41 is thus double acting since it presses two power switches 101 at a time. The compressive force of the spring effect part 41 is itself sufficient to hold it in place.
    Note that the shape of the arms 411 is L. This form is adapted to facilitate the insertion of the spring member 41 in said housing 51 and to allow a good distribution of the force on the power switches 101.
    According to a non-limiting variant embodiment illustrated in FIG. 23 and in FIG. 24, the two support lugs 4110 are respectively disposed on each of the two arms 411 on their external face. In a non-limiting embodiment, the power switches 101 have orifices 1011 (illustrated in FIGS. 21 or 22) in which the two support lugs 4110 can be housed.
    Fig. 23 illustrates the spring member 41 in a compressive (stress) position, when installed in position in the housing 51. Fig. 24 illustrates the spring member 41 in a rest position (open form unconstrained). This position shows how the spring effect piece 41 can move. The movement is elastic. The spring member 41 is pressurized and inserted into the opening 31 manually or with a spring compression tool in a non-limiting example.
    FIG. 25 illustrates the spring-loaded part 41 inserted in the opening 31 according to the first variant of the printed circuit board 30 with its arms 411 bearing against the two power switches 101.
    FIG. 25 illustrates the spring-loaded part 41 inserted into the opening 31 according to the second variant of the printed circuit board 30 with its arms 411 bearing against the two power switches 101.
    Thanks to the spring-effect part 41, the two power switches 101 are well positioned and in thermal contact with the circulation ducts 20 of the electric heating device 1 and are therefore well cooled by the fluid circulating in the circulation ducts 20.
    Of course, the description of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above.
    Thus, in non-limiting embodiments: the invention can be applied in the context of an application with a supply voltage Vbat of 900V. A resistive heating element 100 is thus supplied with a supply voltage Vbat of 900 volts. the electric heating device 1 may comprise more than two resistive heating elements 100.
    Thus, in a non-limiting embodiment, the holding element 40 may furthermore comprise: at least one positioning stud on the heating body 50; - At least one positioning hole on the printed circuit board 30 adapted to cooperate with said positioning pad.
    In a non-limiting embodiment variant, the holding element 40 comprises two positioning studs and two positioning holes. Having two positioning studs ensures a more efficient positioning.
    Thus, the described invention has the following advantages in particular: it is a simple solution to implement; it makes it possible to optimize the volume occupied by the electric heating device in the motor vehicle; - It proposes to have a power electronics (printed circuit board, power switches) to the nearest resistive heating elements 100. There is thus no significant parasitic inductance.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    An electric heating device (1) for a motor vehicle fluid (V), wherein the electric fluid heater (1) comprises: - at least one fluid circulation duct (20); at least one resistive heating element (100) which cooperates with said fluid circulation duct (20); - a printed circuit board (30) comprising at least one power switch (101); a heating body (50) in which is disposed said fluid circulation duct (20), said heating body (50) comprising a housing (51) adapted to receive said power switch (101); - At least one holding member (40) of said power switch (101) in said housing (51).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. An electric heater (1) according to claim 1, wherein the housing (51) is adjacent to said fluid flow conduit (20).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Electric heating device (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the electric heating device (1) comprises two fluid circulation ducts (20), said housing (51) being disposed between the two ducts. fluid circulation (20).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    An electric heater (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, wherein a resistive heating element (100) is disposed within a fluid flow conduit (20) or outside of a fluid circulation duct (20).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    An electric heater (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, wherein the holding member (40) comprises at least one spring-acting member (41).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    The electric heater (1) according to claim 5, wherein the holding member (40) further comprises at least one biasing wedge (42) adapted to press the spring member (41). ).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Electric heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein the printed circuit board (30) comprises an opening (31) adapted to allow the passage of all or part of said holding element. (40).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    An electric heater (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, wherein the spring member (41) comprises a substantially triangular shaped head (410) and two arms (411).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    Electrical heater (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein the printed circuit board (30) comprises N power switches (101) and the holding element (40) comprises N / 2 spring effect parts (41) with even integer N.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    Electrical heating device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 3 to 8, wherein the electric heating device (1) further comprises: - an inlet filter (11) disposed at the inlet of the heating elements resistive (100) and composed of an inductor (110) and at least one capacitor (111).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    An electric heater (1) according to claim 10, wherein the printed circuit board (30) comprises two power switches (101).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    An electric heater (1) according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the input filter (11) comprises four capacitors (111).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. An electric heater (1) according to the preceding claim 12, wherein the inductor (110) is disposed between the four capacitors (111).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    An electric heater (1) according to claim 7 to 13, wherein the printed circuit board (30) comprises a plurality of power switches (101) and said power switches (101) are arranged on each side. other than the opening (31) of the printed circuit board (30).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Heating and / or air conditioning unit for a motor vehicle, according to which said heating and / or air conditioning unit comprises an electrical heating device according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 14.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3042853B1|2019-10-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE102010005671B3|2010-01-26|2011-06-16|Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh|Method for controlling heater utilized for heating intake air of engine of motor vehicle, involves generating output signals of comparator and control signal using voltage pulses, where beginning and end of voltage pulses are preset|
    FR2987314A1|2012-02-29|2013-08-30|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|ELECTRIC FLUID HEATING DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE AND HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING APPARATUS THEREFOR|FR3074268A1|2017-11-30|2019-05-31|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|ELECTRIC DEVICE FOR HEATING A HEAT PUMP FLUID FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR3101938A1|2019-10-14|2021-04-16|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|Device for electric heating and circulation of a fluid for a motor vehicle|
    FR3103887A1|2019-11-29|2021-06-04|Valeo Systemes Thermiques|Electric heating device for a heat transfer liquid for a motor vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2016-10-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-04-28| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170428 |
    2017-10-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-10-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-10-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-10-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-10-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1560226A|FR3042853B1|2015-10-27|2015-10-27|DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING A FLUID FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
    FR1560226|2015-10-27|FR1560226A| FR3042853B1|2015-10-27|2015-10-27|DEVICE FOR ELECTRICALLY HEATING A FLUID FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
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